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New evidence that A1 relative to A2 beta-casein affects digestive function Posted on March 24, 2014 by Keith Woodford A new paper has been published in the International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition titled “Dietary A1 beta-casein affects gastrointestinal transit time, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activity, and inflammatory status relative to A2 b-casein in Wistar rats” The key findings are: 1. A1 beta casein slows down transit of food through the digestive system relative to A2 beta-casein and this is an opioid effect. 2. A1 beta-casein induces a pro- inflammatory effect in the colon which is also an opioid effect. 3. A1 beta casein relative to A2 beta-casein causes up-regulation of the enzyme DPP4 in the small intestine and this is apparently a non-opioid effect. 4. In contrast to the A1 beta-casein, there is no evidence of opioid effects from the A2 beta-casein in relation to either food transit times or pro-inflammatory effects. The above mentioned differences between